Rest

A rest is an interval of silence in a piece of music, marked by a sign indicating the length of the pause. Each rest symbol corresponds with a particular note value. 

American English	British English	Chinese	Symbol
Whole rest	Semibreve rest	全休止符
Half rest	Minim rest	二分休止符
Quarter rest	Crotchet rest	四分休止符	or
Eighth rest	Quaver rest	八分休止符
Sixteenth rest	Semiquaver rest	十六分休止符

Note Reading

Note Durations

There are many different durations of notes, typically you will see the following basic note durations in today's contemporary music:

• whole note
• half note
• quarter note
• eighth note
• sixteenth note

NOTE NAME		DURATION
Whole Note (American) Semibreve (British) 全音符 (Chinese)		4 beats in 4/4 time
Half Note (American) Minim (British) 二分音符 (Chinese)		2 beats in 4/4 time
Quarter Note (American) Crotchet (British) 四分音符 (Chinese)		1 beat in 4/4 time
Eighth Note (American) Quaver (British) 八分音符 (Chinese)		½ beats in 4/4 time
Sixteenth Note (American)　 Semiquaver (British) 十六分音符 (Chinese)		¼ beats in 4/4 time

Recorder

The recorder is a woodwind musical instrument of the family know as fipple flutes or internal duct flutes -whistle-like instruments which include the tin whistle. The recorder is end-blown  and the mouth of the instrument is constricted by a wooden plug, known as a block or fipple.

Today, it is often thought of as a child's instrument, but there are many professional players who demonstrate the instrument's full solo range. The sound of the recorder is remarkably clear and sweet, partly because of the lack of upper harmonics and predominance of odd harmonics in the sound.

Percussion Instruments

A percussion instrument is any object which produces a sound when hit with an implement or when it is shaken, rubbed, scraped, or other wise acted upon in a way that sets the object into vibration. The term usually applies to an object used in a rhythmic context or with musical intent.

In primary school, there are various types of percussion instruments.

(a) Tambourine 铃鼓	(b) Triangle 三角铁
(c) Castanet 指响板	(d) Tone block 双响筒
(e) Ring bell 手铃

Definition of Music

Music is an art form whose medium is sound and silence. Common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture.

The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context. Music ranges from  strictly organized compositions (and their recreation in performance), through improvisational music aleatoric forms. Music can be divided into genres and subgenres, although the diving lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle, sometimes open to individual interpretation, and occasionally controversial. Within "the arts", music may be classified as performing art, a fine art, and auditory art. There is also a strong connection between music and mathematics. 

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